1. Status of domestic gravure printing equipment
1. The number of manufacturers is large, and the scale varies greatly. The regional difference is obvious. According to the latest statistics, there are currently more than 70 gravure printing machine manufacturers in the country. The actual number is larger. The vast majority of them are manufacturers of web gravure printing machines. The main manufacturers include Shaanxi Beiren Printing Machinery Co., Ltd., Zhongshan Songde Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanzhang Light Industrial Machinery Industrial Co., Ltd., Huaying Flexible Packaging Equipment Ningbo Xinda Printing Machinery Co., Ltd. etc. There are also a few manufacturers of sheet-fed gravure presses, such as Beijing Zhenhengli Printing Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Ziming Machinery Co., Ltd., and Shanghai Hairun Machinery Co., Ltd.
The scale of gravure printing machine manufacturers varies greatly, ranging from less than 2 million yuan in annual sales to about 200 million yuan in annual sales.
The distribution of gravure printing machine manufacturers has obvious regional characteristics. 15 in Guangdong account for 21.4% of the total, 9 in Jiangsu account for 12.9% of the total, 15 in Shaanxi account for 21.4% of the total, 22 in Zhejiang account for 31.4% of the total, and 2 in Beijing account for 2.9% of the total Three in Shanghai accounted for 4.3% of the total, and one in Fujian, Yunnan, Shandong, Hubei and other provinces and cities accounted for 1.4% of the total. It can be seen that the above manufacturers are concentrated in the four provinces of Shaanxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, accounting for 87% of the total number of manufacturers.
In addition, there are a considerable number of manufacturers of auxiliary equipment and components for gravure printing machines that are continuously increasing. These manufacturers can provide tension control systems, register control systems, deviation correction devices, image observers, corona processing devices, ESAs, rubber rollers, die-cutting equipment and knives. In general, almost all auxiliary devices on gravure printing equipment are produced by domestic manufacturers.
2. The product application field continues to expand, and the product series and specifications are basically matched
The application fields of domestic gravure printing machines are quite extensive. The main field is flexible packaging printing. In recent years, folding cartons, such as cigarette packs, pharmaceutical and cosmetic packaging, aseptic packaging and printing, have developed rapidly.
Domestic gravure printing machines are widely used in various printing materials, such as film, paper, aluminum foil and composite materials. The printing width in the color box field is from 600 to 2500 mm to meet the requirements of different products. The width of cigarette printing gravure printing machine is generally 1300 ~ 2100mm, and the width of aseptic packaging gravure printing machine is generally 1000 ~ 1300mm. The number of color groups of domestic gravure printing machines are different, 6-8 colors for soft pack printing, 6-8 colors for aseptic packaging printing.
3. Product quality is rapidly improving, but advanced and simple machines coexist
At present, the maximum mechanical speed of many domestic gravure printing machines has reached more than 200 meters / minute, and it is particularly noteworthy that Zhongshan Songde and Shaanxi Beiren launched indentations with a maximum speed of 300 meters / minute in 2003 and 2004, respectively.å°æœºã€‚ Printing machine. The performance of some equipment has approached and reached the level of imported equipment. Due to the continuous integrity of functions and the continuous improvement of automation, the performance and price of domestic equipment are relatively high, and the competitive advantage is increasingly obvious. A change that is happening is that some key packaging and printing enterprises that originally used imported equipment have begun to use domestic equipment, and purchase domestic equipment as a basic direction for future investment.
The adoption of new technologies and systems has significantly reduced the gap with developed countries. For example, from the mechanical speed point of view, the highest speed of domestic gravure printing machines only reached the level of 70s and 80s abroad, but from the new platform of electronic shaft transmission technology, the gap between domestic gravure printing machines and foreign products is only a few years. . Please see the following schedule:
· In 1997, the world's first electronic shaft gravure printing machine produced in Italy came out;
· In 2000, Drupa exhibited the electronic shaft gravure printing machine for the first time;
· In 2002, China introduced the first electronic shaft gravure printing machine;
· In 2003, the first electronic shaft gravure printing machine produced in China was born. At present, the total number of domestic electronic shaft gravure printing machines is less than 10. Many manufacturers have shifted from single product production to the development of system solutions.
4. Start to quickly go to the international market
At present, our country's gravure printing machine manufacturers' products are exported to about 30 countries and regions, but at present they are basically limited to Southeast Asia, the Middle East and South America, Russia and other former Soviet countries. Among the manufacturers of these export products, there are both well-known large factories and small unknown factories.
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Second, the gaps and problems of domestic gravure printing equipment
First of all, our understanding of the gravure printing machine is still quite limited, and there are even many misunderstandings. The development of domestic gravure printing machines has benefited from the introduction and learning of Japanese technology, but since it is almost imitated, it has greatly restricted our vision and thinking. For example, it is generally believed that the Asian level represents the international advanced level; 3. The concept of high speed has long been blurred. There is a wide range of blind arrogance in the industry: it is often seen that gravure presses reach the "international advanced level" product advertisements and results appraisal reports: lack of a true understanding of the characteristics of international advanced gravure presses. The number of color sets, sleeve-type plate cylinder structure, etc. are widely used as machine advanced features.
Secondly, although the performance of domestic gravure printing machines is constantly improving, there is still a considerable gap with the international advanced level. The reliability of all domestic machines still needs to be improved. At present, there are only two manufacturers that can produce high-speed gravure presses with a maximum mechanical speed of 300 meters / minute, accounting for 3% of the total. The actual output of high-speed gravure presses accounts for less than 1% of the total.
Third, the overall strength of our enterprise is still very weak. Our manufacturers are still only regional suppliers. The proportion of our products exported is still very small. The export target is only some countries and regions with relatively backward packaging. The products of international first-class manufacturers export more than 70% to 80%. At present, the situation that the domestic high-end gravure printing machine market is monopolized by imported equipment has not been broken. At present, the total sales of all gravure printing machine manufacturers in the country are estimated to be between 1 billion and 1.5 billion yuan, less than the annual sales of a large foreign manufacturing plant.
Fourth, the standardization work is seriously lagging behind, and many products have no standards. The old industry standards have actually been abandoned for many years. The design theory research is almost blank, and education and scientific research lag far behind actual production.
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3. Development trend of domestic gravure printing equipment
The future development of the domestic gravure printing machine depends not only on the technical aspects, but also on the development strategy. All gravure printing machine manufacturers need and will have to relocate. The vast majority of gravure printing machine manufacturers are private enterprises, and many enterprises are satisfied with the current "marketable and profitable". The domestic gravure press manufacturing industry should quickly achieve five major changes:
· Change in development goals. From catching up with the advanced level in Asia, mainly in Japan; turning to catching up with the advanced level in the world, mainly in Europe, and striving to become a manufacturer of international standards.
· Change of competitive strategy. From domestic competition to competition with foreign rivals? To reduce "fighting", from competition with Asian rivals to preparations for competition with European rivals, to improve themselves in the competition with strong players.
· The shift of market focus. From all domestic distribution markets to domestic and foreign markets, through product technology output and market internationalization, to achieve quality and efficiency improvement.
· Change in sales model. Service will become a more important factor in the future? At least as important as quality and price. Therefore, while sales are internationalized, services should also be internationalized to achieve integration of services and sales.
· Change of development concept. International-level gravure printing machines go far beyond high-speed and multi-color printing? High-speed gravure printing machines are not equal to high-end gravure printing machines. High-speed is only a feature of high-grade gravure printing machines, and more importantly: short product design concepts Versioning, humanization, and environmental protection; personalization, modularization, and intelligence in product structure.
Foresighted gravure printing machine manufacturers in China have begun to make effective strategic and tactical adjustments, and made effective preparations for domestic enterprises to move towards internationalization.
Although the development speed will be affected by various factors, we have reason to believe that the domestic gravure printing machine technology will develop rapidly and will mainly show the following seven trends:
1. The electronic shaft drive is used as the technical platform to realize the comprehensive upgrade of the gravure printing machine. Electronic shaft transmission will remain the most important technical development direction of domestic gravure printing machines in the next few years. All kinds of gravure printing machines will use electronic shaft transmission. At present, electronic shaft transmission and registration systems are mainly from Japan and Europe, but they can only be used on a small number of domestic gravure printing machines. The development of domestic systems will be the key to the comprehensive upgrade of domestic gravure printing machines. We can optimistically predict that in the next two or three years, domestic electronic shaft transmission and registration systems will be put into use, and there will be a coexistence of domestic, Japanese and European systems.
2. Gravure printing machines suitable for water-based ink printing will be more widely adopted. For reasons of environmental protection and hygiene, water-based gravure inks and varnishes will be more and more popular, requiring gravure printing machines to be systematically improved in many aspects, including structure, materials, and functions.
3. The proportion of paper gravure presses will increase rapidly, and will first promote technological progress. Paper products and paper-based composite materials gravure printing? Wood grain paper, cigarette labels, aseptic packaging, gift wrapping paper, etc. will be the fastest growing branch, the corresponding gravure printing machine will also be more complicated, such as Flat, dust removal, pretreatment and other pre-press devices, sometimes need to use "zero speed docking" and other mechanisms, often also need to use ESA devices, etc., these are common flexible packaging gravure printing machine does not have.
4. The machine configuration will be more complicated and personalized. The connection processing will be more diversified, such as UV coating, die cutting, cross cutting, soft label cutting, etc. Therefore, the corresponding gravure printing machine management system and long-distance technical support system will be more and more adopted.
5. Modularity will become the basic method of design and manufacturing. As specifications, functions, and configurations become more and more complex, the so-called standard models, such as the manufacturer's pre-determined width, number of color groups, diameter of unwinding and winding, and drying heat source, will no longer exist. In order to meet individual needs, unwinding, printing, wire processing, winding and other parts will be modularized, the most important of which will be the gravure cart or the gravure and flexo interchangeable cart.
6. It will adopt more international and foreign standards and pass domestic and foreign certifications. European standards, after necessary certification, such as CE certification, in order to smoothly enter the international market. More exports and more foreign printing companies entering China will place more and stricter requirements on domestic gravure printing machines.
7. The gravure printing machine manufacturer will develop closer and coordinated development with the supporting manufacturers. The key components and systems of the gravure printing machine will develop in two different directions: one is to use more imported components; the other direction is to continuously localize. More joint-venture and wholly-owned enterprise products can be used: such as sleeve-shaped impression cylinder, air expansion shaft, etc. For high-end users and export gravure presses, the proportion of European products will be greatly increased? Registration control systems, ESA, etc. will have more European products. These will effectively promote the common progress of gravure printing machine manufacturers and supporting manufacturers.
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