--The Heart Institute of the University of Ottawa in Canada participated in the largest genetic study of coronary artery disease (CAD) in history. Researchers from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Association identified 15 new gene regions associated with the disease, thereby increasing the number of gene regions associated with the risk of developing the disease to 46. Related research results were recently published in the journal Nature Genetics.
CAD and its main complications, myocardial infarction, are the more common causes of death. CAD has a strong genetic foundation.
Dr. Robert Roberts, Chairman of the Heart Research Institute at the University of Ottawa, said, "These findings clearly demonstrate for the first time that several genetic risk factors of CAD function through known inflammatory pathways. This identifies a new pathway to prevent Heart attack and identification of molecular targets that can now be used to develop new therapies. "
The CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Association, composed of more than 180 scientists from the United Kingdom, Germany, Iceland, Sweden, Finland, France, Italy, Greece, Lebanon, Pakistan, South Korea, the United States and Canada, analyzed 60,000 CAD patients and 130,000 People who are clearly not suffering from CAD. The researchers integrated their genetic findings into the network analysis, and were not surprised to find that fat metabolism, which is the first major pathway, is associated with CAD. However, they also confirmed at the molecular level that inflammation, the second largest pathway, is also associated with heart disease
The importance of this study is that although some genetic variants are identified to function through known CAD risk factors (such as hypertension and cholesterol), many genetic variants seem to function through unknown mechanisms. Understanding how these genetic variants affect the risk of CAD is the next research goal, which may lay the foundation for the development of new therapies to treat this important disease
In this unprecedented study, the researchers further identified 104 independent gene variants that are likely to be associated with CAD, which helps us understand the genetic components that cause CAD. Based on these findings, they identified the biological pathways underlying this disease and confirmed that lipid metabolism and inflammation play a very important role in CAD.
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