I. INTRODUCTION With the development of social economy, people have changed from the traditional simple packaging to the novel and high-end packaging concepts, and the demand for commodity packaging has become higher and higher. In China, the packaging industry is still only in the development stage. Every year, due to unreasonable product packaging, it causes huge losses. In order to catch up with the world level, the country has spent a lot of foreign exchange to introduce packaged application software and equipment, but its expensive price has deterred many companies. At present, the color desktop system has been popularized in the printing industry in China. The design of the packaging carton uses these systems. The operation is cumbersome, the speed is slow, the accuracy is not high, the correction is not easy, the work efficiency is low, and the rejection rate is high. Therefore, based on practicality and improving work efficiency, this project proposes the development of a computer-aided design (CAD) system for packaging cartons.
In the 1970s advanced industrial countries such as Germany and the United States began to develop carton CAD and CAM systems. LASERCOMB began to develop carton CAD system software in 1973. In 1985, MARBACH of Germany developed the “carton box interactive systemâ€. , 1987 ERPA's "carton packaging CAD system" and so on, these software used for human-computer interaction operations, involving box-type design, layout, output, laser die-cutting and Other functions, are widely used. In China, several companies in Guangdong and Shanghai, such as "Hexing Laser" and "Shenzhen Jialuo," have introduced foreign software and equipment, and "Hexing Laser" has also opened an office in Beijing. Beidafang is developing the software for the next set of carton CAD system in 1998. It only sees its trial version in the market. Therefore, there is currently no domestic, professional packaging carton CAD system for small and medium-sized enterprises. Most companies are The cartons are designed using graphic design software such as Freehand, AutoCAD, etc.
Second, the main technical issues For the development of packaging carton CAD system, which involves a lot of problems, some of the packaging design, some are computer graphics, mainly:
1. Initialization parameters: For a box, generally given is the outer size, its length, width, height corresponds to the volume occupied by the box, or the inner size, its length, width, height corresponds to the volume of the box, then The specific shape of the box is calculated based on the outer or inner dimensions and the thickness of the board.
2. Object-oriented design: Each line, arc, circle, etc. generated by using a painting tool is treated as an object, and editing such as deletion, modification, etc. is performed. It also facilitates layering operations on objects.
3. Structured design: For an overall box shape generally composed of lid, bottom, inserts and other accessories, in fact can be seen as a mosaic of several accessories, its structure is very strong, especially for the tube, disc shape box. Structured design is to take each component as a whole (called blocks in AutoCAD), and perform operations such as movement and scaling to achieve better splicing.
4. Parametric design: The position and size of the box-shaped accessories are determined by parameters and their expressions.
Third, the system introduced This system is in the Windows system using C++ language, features include carton box library, box type design, imposition, input and output and other parts:
1 box design: box design can be the following ways:
1) Take out the sample in the overall box library directly as a template for editing and modification.
2) Drawing with the provided drawing tools and editing tools, remove the box-shaped parts in the part library and insert it into the current design figure.
3) Parametric calibration of the boxes read from the files to achieve parameterization and can be stored in a box library.
The operation tools mainly include: 1) Drawing tools: The objects can be drawn more conveniently according to different requirements, including auxiliary lines, line segments, circles, arcs, ellipses (arcs), regular polygons, chamfers, cutout lines, and texts. 2) Editing tools: including geometric transformations such as rotation, translation, expansion, and mirroring, Undo and Redo functions, and the definition and operation of blocks and layers. 3) Display tools: Magnifier (enlarged and reduced scale display), Scale (in centimeters, inches, points), auxiliary lines, navigation, etc. 4) Annotation tools: Annotation of the distances of equal auxiliary lines, included angles of intersecting auxiliary lines, lengths of individual objects, arcs, radii, etc., whose label values ​​change with the size and position of the object.
2 box type input and output: Enter the graphics in the format of DXF file, or call the box type in the box library. The system can store graphics in several file formats. One is the standard file format DXF, EPS, WMF file storage, and NC format files used for CNC machine tools, the other file format is defined as OFG, is to facilitate the system Calls and modifications are stored in units of objects and include object names, layer names, object control points, object attributes, and so on. Box-shaped output to the printer, plotter.
3 Imposition: After completing the box design, open the menu file/template and open an imposition window. Functions that may be required to generate a version: 1) Bridge: Sets the bridge for the selected object. This function is used when making a dieboard. 2) Bleeding Lines: Bleeding lines are used when designing a boxed box. Bleeding lines can be implemented in a variety of ways, such as converting box-like vector graphics to pixel bitmaps, finding bleeding lines on the basis of bitmaps, or directly on vector graphics, according to a set bleeding width. Bleeding line. 3) Imposition: The process of imposition is the process of copying and arranging the defined block as a whole. The key to this is the calculation of the insertion vertex position coordinates of the block. For the finished arrangement, the relative position can be changed by moving the relevant control point.
4 Carton box type library establishment: As a CAD system, it is very necessary to set up the box library, you can use the library to take out the sample as a reference for the new pattern, or directly take out the sample in the library as a template for editing. It is necessary to collect as many sample enrichment libraries as possible, and the sampled samples are easy to modify. This is the two basic requirements for building a database. For more standard box shapes such as tubular boxes, tray boxes, and regular shapes, they are generally related to the parameters of length, width, height, and paper thickness of the box, or to a sample only by modifying this. Several parameters can be obtained with different sized box shapes, so it makes sense to build this box-shaped library, but for shaped boxes, they do not have a standard and canonical shape. They are shaped by people's different objects, from Practical, aesthetic and other aspects of the design and production, and the box-related parameters are not uniform, then it is more important to establish a good parts library, such as lid library, box library, insert library and so on. Of course, here the parts library is only a general classification, such as the sample insert library can also be used as a lid accessories. The design requirements are achieved by invoking the fittings in different libraries for splicing. The task of creating a carton box type library is very complicated. One outstanding part is that there is no uniform standard similar to a cigarette box. This includes the box type, the name, the size of the box type, and the constraints between different parts. The main reason for this may be due to the diversity of packaging cartons, which is not as simple as the packaging cartons. The standards used by foreign countries are not necessarily suitable for China's national conditions and cannot be completely copied. This gives box-type design, search, storage and bring great difficulties. The box library built by this system attempts to do some research in this respect. For example, when determining the relationship between different accessories, the speed is more derived from practical experience parameters, and these relationships are displayed and expressed so that the user can It needs to be revised and saved. The scientific and reasonable questions about the naming of boxes should be further verified in practice. We also hope that some discussions will be conducted in this regard.
IV. Concluding remarks This article analyzes some problems in the development of packaging carton CAD, describes the development of the packaging carton CAD software system, and describes in detail the imposition and database part. At present, this system is still in the stage of trial and improvement, and it needs further improvement in further applications.
On the other hand, packaging and decoration design is not yet involved. The current solution is to copy the box-shaped design here to Freehand, CorelDRAW, and other software. Of course, this system may encounter other problems in practice, which needs further improvement. (Beijing Institute of Graphic Design Yang Wenjie Liu Hao Xue)
In the 1970s advanced industrial countries such as Germany and the United States began to develop carton CAD and CAM systems. LASERCOMB began to develop carton CAD system software in 1973. In 1985, MARBACH of Germany developed the “carton box interactive systemâ€. , 1987 ERPA's "carton packaging CAD system" and so on, these software used for human-computer interaction operations, involving box-type design, layout, output, laser die-cutting and Other functions, are widely used. In China, several companies in Guangdong and Shanghai, such as "Hexing Laser" and "Shenzhen Jialuo," have introduced foreign software and equipment, and "Hexing Laser" has also opened an office in Beijing. Beidafang is developing the software for the next set of carton CAD system in 1998. It only sees its trial version in the market. Therefore, there is currently no domestic, professional packaging carton CAD system for small and medium-sized enterprises. Most companies are The cartons are designed using graphic design software such as Freehand, AutoCAD, etc.
Second, the main technical issues For the development of packaging carton CAD system, which involves a lot of problems, some of the packaging design, some are computer graphics, mainly:
1. Initialization parameters: For a box, generally given is the outer size, its length, width, height corresponds to the volume occupied by the box, or the inner size, its length, width, height corresponds to the volume of the box, then The specific shape of the box is calculated based on the outer or inner dimensions and the thickness of the board.
2. Object-oriented design: Each line, arc, circle, etc. generated by using a painting tool is treated as an object, and editing such as deletion, modification, etc. is performed. It also facilitates layering operations on objects.
3. Structured design: For an overall box shape generally composed of lid, bottom, inserts and other accessories, in fact can be seen as a mosaic of several accessories, its structure is very strong, especially for the tube, disc shape box. Structured design is to take each component as a whole (called blocks in AutoCAD), and perform operations such as movement and scaling to achieve better splicing.
4. Parametric design: The position and size of the box-shaped accessories are determined by parameters and their expressions.
Third, the system introduced This system is in the Windows system using C++ language, features include carton box library, box type design, imposition, input and output and other parts:
1 box design: box design can be the following ways:
1) Take out the sample in the overall box library directly as a template for editing and modification.
2) Drawing with the provided drawing tools and editing tools, remove the box-shaped parts in the part library and insert it into the current design figure.
3) Parametric calibration of the boxes read from the files to achieve parameterization and can be stored in a box library.
The operation tools mainly include: 1) Drawing tools: The objects can be drawn more conveniently according to different requirements, including auxiliary lines, line segments, circles, arcs, ellipses (arcs), regular polygons, chamfers, cutout lines, and texts. 2) Editing tools: including geometric transformations such as rotation, translation, expansion, and mirroring, Undo and Redo functions, and the definition and operation of blocks and layers. 3) Display tools: Magnifier (enlarged and reduced scale display), Scale (in centimeters, inches, points), auxiliary lines, navigation, etc. 4) Annotation tools: Annotation of the distances of equal auxiliary lines, included angles of intersecting auxiliary lines, lengths of individual objects, arcs, radii, etc., whose label values ​​change with the size and position of the object.
2 box type input and output: Enter the graphics in the format of DXF file, or call the box type in the box library. The system can store graphics in several file formats. One is the standard file format DXF, EPS, WMF file storage, and NC format files used for CNC machine tools, the other file format is defined as OFG, is to facilitate the system Calls and modifications are stored in units of objects and include object names, layer names, object control points, object attributes, and so on. Box-shaped output to the printer, plotter.
3 Imposition: After completing the box design, open the menu file/template and open an imposition window. Functions that may be required to generate a version: 1) Bridge: Sets the bridge for the selected object. This function is used when making a dieboard. 2) Bleeding Lines: Bleeding lines are used when designing a boxed box. Bleeding lines can be implemented in a variety of ways, such as converting box-like vector graphics to pixel bitmaps, finding bleeding lines on the basis of bitmaps, or directly on vector graphics, according to a set bleeding width. Bleeding line. 3) Imposition: The process of imposition is the process of copying and arranging the defined block as a whole. The key to this is the calculation of the insertion vertex position coordinates of the block. For the finished arrangement, the relative position can be changed by moving the relevant control point.
4 Carton box type library establishment: As a CAD system, it is very necessary to set up the box library, you can use the library to take out the sample as a reference for the new pattern, or directly take out the sample in the library as a template for editing. It is necessary to collect as many sample enrichment libraries as possible, and the sampled samples are easy to modify. This is the two basic requirements for building a database. For more standard box shapes such as tubular boxes, tray boxes, and regular shapes, they are generally related to the parameters of length, width, height, and paper thickness of the box, or to a sample only by modifying this. Several parameters can be obtained with different sized box shapes, so it makes sense to build this box-shaped library, but for shaped boxes, they do not have a standard and canonical shape. They are shaped by people's different objects, from Practical, aesthetic and other aspects of the design and production, and the box-related parameters are not uniform, then it is more important to establish a good parts library, such as lid library, box library, insert library and so on. Of course, here the parts library is only a general classification, such as the sample insert library can also be used as a lid accessories. The design requirements are achieved by invoking the fittings in different libraries for splicing. The task of creating a carton box type library is very complicated. One outstanding part is that there is no uniform standard similar to a cigarette box. This includes the box type, the name, the size of the box type, and the constraints between different parts. The main reason for this may be due to the diversity of packaging cartons, which is not as simple as the packaging cartons. The standards used by foreign countries are not necessarily suitable for China's national conditions and cannot be completely copied. This gives box-type design, search, storage and bring great difficulties. The box library built by this system attempts to do some research in this respect. For example, when determining the relationship between different accessories, the speed is more derived from practical experience parameters, and these relationships are displayed and expressed so that the user can It needs to be revised and saved. The scientific and reasonable questions about the naming of boxes should be further verified in practice. We also hope that some discussions will be conducted in this regard.
IV. Concluding remarks This article analyzes some problems in the development of packaging carton CAD, describes the development of the packaging carton CAD software system, and describes in detail the imposition and database part. At present, this system is still in the stage of trial and improvement, and it needs further improvement in further applications.
On the other hand, packaging and decoration design is not yet involved. The current solution is to copy the box-shaped design here to Freehand, CorelDRAW, and other software. Of course, this system may encounter other problems in practice, which needs further improvement. (Beijing Institute of Graphic Design Yang Wenjie Liu Hao Xue)
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