4, CTP advantages and disadvantages (1) advantages:
The most prominent advantage of 1CTP technology is the quality of printed products. Because in this process, the image is directly formed on the printing plate without using film, so that the dot on the digital plate is a direct one-time imaging dot. Therefore, the image on the paper will be cleaner and clearer. In addition, the CTP plate will have a better register effect on the printing press, and the amount of water needed to balance with the ink will also be smaller, and the density of the ink on the paper will be easily reached. It also reduces the inherent waste and preparation process. With the CTP system, the prepress process has been completely digitalized, so the quality of the plate printing is better. Therefore, high-end print-based printing companies are also willing to accept the CTP system.
2 is followed by costs. At present, the cost of CTP equipment and media is still relatively high, but it has also fallen. Almost all laser image machines manufacturers are now fully developing CTP systems. The CTP system is very similar to the photosetter in terms of principle and structure, which makes the CTP achieve the productivity of the current imagesetter is only a matter of time. Prices will also be adjusted downwards as production increases and technology advances. Now, the domestic CTP plate has been born, and the price of the plate will certainly be greatly reduced under the combined effects of technological development, increase in production scale, and fierce competition.
3 In terms of environmental protection, CTP not only reduces the output of the negative film, but also reduces the troubles of the negative film material and its development and fixer recovery. In the process of plate making, no film is used. If the plate is not silver salt or needs to be chemically treated, the production efficiency of the CTP system can be reduced or even avoided in terms of the production efficiency of silver and chemical substances. Satisfy the requirements of timeliness and high-speed output required by newspapers. The CTP system can save the entire publishing process by 30-50 minutes.
(2) However, CTP is a developing technology and its deficiencies are quite obvious:
1Machine price and consumable cost At present, the selling price of the CTP system not only includes the production cost of the equipment itself, but also the cost of the promotion and promotion of the new product market, and the cost of the prior technology development, development and operation. As large-scale mass production has not yet been formed, the overall production cost of the CTP system is now relatively high, which is reflected in the sales price, which makes the price of the CTP still higher than the photosetter of the same grade. Another issue is consumables. CTP plate prices are often the same as the traditional PS version of two or more palms, which is higher than the sum of the two materials of the negative and PS plates. Domestic film production technology has made great progress, but there is still a long way to go in the production of CTP plates.
2 Machine Performance, RIP Interface and Process Requirements CTP is still in a period of perfect development, its function is not yet perfect, its speed is not ideal, and there are still many defects in its internal structure and principle. How to realize the connection between the CTP system and the existing system, and ensure the consistency of the RIP result and the typesetting content, is the premise of the popularization of the CTP system in China. Because of the direct printing plate version of CTP, the simplification of the process inevitably requires the improvement of the technical content, and the flexibility of its operation is not as good as the film.
3 National Conditions and Personnel Qualities Although there are a large number of printing companies in China, they are mainly SMEs. Due to the cruelty of the bottom-up environment, small and medium investors always hope to recover their investment as soon as possible. However, the CTP system may not be able to meet such requirements, so the market risk is relatively large. The manufacturers of CTP systems face enormous market competition pressure, and the uncertainty and possible risks that they bring will ultimately be passed on to the end users of the equipment.
The operation of the CTP system has increased employee requirements, and no comprehensive training system has been established in China.
4 Digital printing machines are almost at the same time as CTP technology. This kind of more direct printing method may soon occupy the traditional printing market. In addition, laser imagesetters are still not willing to withdraw from the stage of history as early as possible and are trying to keep their place. The CTP between the two, if there is no absolute technical superiority when the laser imagesetter replaces the electrical extension, and there is no strong support from low cost and high flexibility, the prospects are still not very bright.
III. Waterless Offset Offset Waterless Offset Printing Using the ink-repellent silicone resin coated plate, the coating is removed in the graphic portion so that the silicone resin forms a small cell, and the bottom of the honeycomb is an ink absorbing photopolymer. The graphic part that contains the ink is concave, the same as that of gravure printing. The discriminating of the printing plate material, structure and basic process method all result in the very different process of the offset printing and waterless offset printing. Each process requires different ink properties and printing environment. The balance of ink and water is a problem in printing, and waterless offset printing is demanding to ensure the temperature.
Since the silicone gravure has a recessed honeycomb structure, more ink can be kept on the plate, so the density of the printed ink is higher. Regardless of whether waterless offset printing or plain printing is used, the increase in the density of solid ink will lead to an increase in the dot gain rate. However, due to the difference in the structure of the printing plate, waterless offset printing under the same ink conditions is smaller than that of other methods (ink At the same density, waterless offset has a smaller dot gain than plain printing).
The digital waterless version is divided into two types according to whether a plate in a computer-to-plate (CTP) apparatus is connected to a printing press or a printing press. The process of linking machines often refers to direct printing, and the offline process is the so-called computer-to-water version (CTWP). Many digital waterless versions are in the process of improvement and testing.
1. Advantages of waterless offset printing (1) The waterless offset printing plate can copy from 2% -3% of highlights to 97% -98% of dark spots, and the dot reproduction range is 95%. At present, the number of outlets in the intermediate tone is about 7%-8%. This amount does not change greatly even if the ink thickness increases. Compared with the PS version, the waterless offset printing plate of the level reproduction curve can obtain the copy effect similar to that of the original printing film. Therefore, waterless offset printing is significantly better than water offset printing for controlling dot gain.
(2) Waterless offset printing eliminates the uneven ink quality, ink emulsification stains, water spots, reverse stains, and water roller print quality problems caused by water, making the dots of the product full of ink and bright graphic and bright colors.
(3) Without the water factor, no dampening solution, water roller system and related accessories are required. Adjustment and maintenance of the water system can also be omitted in the mechanical adjustment. Therefore, the preparation time before starting up is shortened, the consumption of paper is saved, and the printing cost is reduced. Due to the reduced erosion of the printing machine parts, especially several rollers, the service life of the machine is also prolonged.
(4) Since there is no special structure of the horizontal printing plate, the printing resistance is improved, and it is generally printed at about 100,000 or even higher. Printing plates need to be kept from time to time without the need for squeegee. Only the used printing plates can be kept clean with gasoline and protected from light, and they are easy to keep. The retention period is much longer than the watermarked version.
(5) In the small-batch printing industry, the compatibility of waterless printing is good, and it can be changed to waterless printing without using a water roller with water printing equipment, and the printing effect is also ideal. Because the waterless printing technology is obviously simpler than printing with water, it is convenient for the operator to master the technology, which is conducive to the stability of the quality of the printed product, the reduction of the labor intensity of the workers, and the reduction of the number of operators on the machine platform.
2, waterless offset printing street to solve the problem (1) Because the paper used for horizontal printing without the use of paper and other printing methods we usually use is not the same song, in the use of non-specific waterless printing machinery, the required ink viscosity is high, The phenomenon of paper pulling and rubbering on the paper cannot be avoided. At this time, the electrostatic phenomenon is also very easy to occur. This requires a relatively strict humidity environment for the printing environment (100 g or less of which is more obvious than offset paper). Generally, the temperature is required. 50%-60%. Its temperature control is more critical. The splitting of the ink results in heat generation, which tends to soften the ink and cause the printing plate to become dirty. The temperature of the external environment during printing should also generally be controlled between 18°C ​​and 22°C.
(2) The quality of waterless offset products depends on the ink to regulate and visualize. Therefore, in addition to the quality factors of the ink, the pressure between the ink supply system, especially the ink roller, is also very important. At the same time, there is a considerable requirement for the pressure between several rollers. The roller pressure is too large to cause the ink bar, It is also easy to cause the layout to be dirty. Too small roller pressure will cause poor ink transmission and reduce the quality of the product. Therefore, the pressure adjustment between the ink roller and the printing roller is strictly performed according to requirements.
(3) At present, non-development countries that rely on imports for non-horizontal edition printing on some raw and auxiliary materials such as plates and inks have relatively high costs, localization of plates has not been resolved, and import price costs are 3-4 times more expensive than inks. The cost is also 30% more expensive.
Fourth, other optional process technology 1, electrophotography Since the 1938 electrophotography was born in the United States, the development speed is not fast, but entered the 1990s, affected by the scientific progress of powder, its development is fast Attention. First applied in copying technology. Therefore, electrophotography is often also referred to as electrostatic method and is a representative technique of a copying machine. It uses the principle of attracting the positive and negative charges of the static electricity to form a charged latent image on the photoreceptor first, and then applying it with the oppositely charged toner to transfer it onto the paper. Its raw materials are vegetal, mineral and organic compounds.
Today, this type of toner has become a pillar supporting sophisticated technology. Scientific experiments have demonstrated that the transfer of ink from toner to ink on neutral paper has a longer shelf life than printing on ink on recording media. In the future, with the advancement of electrophotographic technology, this type of toner powder will be prosperous in the ink field with its advantages of easy manufacturing, pollution-free, and low cost.
Electrophotography and dusting imaging technology can achieve the following four purposes: to conduct a full-color printing; only a small amount of working capital; get high-quality print.
2. The basic principle of the electric pulse imaging method is to apply a short electric pulse (negative charge) to the conductive color liquid ink with a multi-contact, the ink is condensed and separated, and is attached to a positively charged metal roller from the surface. The part that is not touched by the pulse can be scraped off with a rubber squeegee, and the ink condensed on the surface of the metal roller constitutes a picture and then transferred to the paper to complete the printing process.
3. Inkjet ink droplets are sprayed onto paper and other carriers via nozzles to form images. Large-scale, color, high-definition, etc. become its proud technology. The products of EPSON, Hulet, Recard, Roland, DG, Wuten Industry have been introduced by printing companies. Among the inkjet methods, Bubble Jet, developed by Canon itself, is more famous.
4, sublimation thermal transfer This is a kind of thermal transfer printing method, is the use of ink ribbon, the equivalent of the image part of the ribbon vaporized by heat, and then transferred to the media media, which is the most refined Get discounted technology. Instead of printing, it is more suitable for color proofing. Lmation produces rainbow ribbons more famous.
5. The magnetic particle imaging method does not use a photoreceptor, but uses a magnetic material that reacts to magnetism, and relies on an inert recording method to transfer the magnetic toner to the paper. At the DRUPA 2000 show, Xeikon used this method to exhibit a digital printer that outputs variable data in black and white.
V. Guarantees of Green Enterprises: Implementation of the ISO14000 Environmental Management System Now people are aware that environmental issues are big issues that affect people’s lives and are related to the sustainable development of the national economy. They are also related to social stability. Political big issues. Therefore, the voice of environmental protection has been rising all over the world. Protecting the common homeland of mankind has become the consensus of all mankind, and it has become a trend in today's world.
The Earth Summit (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development) was convened in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. Based on this meeting, the ISO 14000 series was established. This high-level summit adopted the “Leo Declaration†on the environment and development. It seeks long-term and unremitting efforts for such issues as human population explosion, global warming, destruction of the ozone layer, reduction of tropical rain forests, desertification, and marine pollution. Environmental improvement has been achieved and consensus has been reached. In June 1993, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) established a large technical organization, the Environmental Management Standardization Technical Committee (TC 207), and began to formulate international standards in the field of environmental management.
The most prominent advantage of 1CTP technology is the quality of printed products. Because in this process, the image is directly formed on the printing plate without using film, so that the dot on the digital plate is a direct one-time imaging dot. Therefore, the image on the paper will be cleaner and clearer. In addition, the CTP plate will have a better register effect on the printing press, and the amount of water needed to balance with the ink will also be smaller, and the density of the ink on the paper will be easily reached. It also reduces the inherent waste and preparation process. With the CTP system, the prepress process has been completely digitalized, so the quality of the plate printing is better. Therefore, high-end print-based printing companies are also willing to accept the CTP system.
2 is followed by costs. At present, the cost of CTP equipment and media is still relatively high, but it has also fallen. Almost all laser image machines manufacturers are now fully developing CTP systems. The CTP system is very similar to the photosetter in terms of principle and structure, which makes the CTP achieve the productivity of the current imagesetter is only a matter of time. Prices will also be adjusted downwards as production increases and technology advances. Now, the domestic CTP plate has been born, and the price of the plate will certainly be greatly reduced under the combined effects of technological development, increase in production scale, and fierce competition.
3 In terms of environmental protection, CTP not only reduces the output of the negative film, but also reduces the troubles of the negative film material and its development and fixer recovery. In the process of plate making, no film is used. If the plate is not silver salt or needs to be chemically treated, the production efficiency of the CTP system can be reduced or even avoided in terms of the production efficiency of silver and chemical substances. Satisfy the requirements of timeliness and high-speed output required by newspapers. The CTP system can save the entire publishing process by 30-50 minutes.
(2) However, CTP is a developing technology and its deficiencies are quite obvious:
1Machine price and consumable cost At present, the selling price of the CTP system not only includes the production cost of the equipment itself, but also the cost of the promotion and promotion of the new product market, and the cost of the prior technology development, development and operation. As large-scale mass production has not yet been formed, the overall production cost of the CTP system is now relatively high, which is reflected in the sales price, which makes the price of the CTP still higher than the photosetter of the same grade. Another issue is consumables. CTP plate prices are often the same as the traditional PS version of two or more palms, which is higher than the sum of the two materials of the negative and PS plates. Domestic film production technology has made great progress, but there is still a long way to go in the production of CTP plates.
2 Machine Performance, RIP Interface and Process Requirements CTP is still in a period of perfect development, its function is not yet perfect, its speed is not ideal, and there are still many defects in its internal structure and principle. How to realize the connection between the CTP system and the existing system, and ensure the consistency of the RIP result and the typesetting content, is the premise of the popularization of the CTP system in China. Because of the direct printing plate version of CTP, the simplification of the process inevitably requires the improvement of the technical content, and the flexibility of its operation is not as good as the film.
3 National Conditions and Personnel Qualities Although there are a large number of printing companies in China, they are mainly SMEs. Due to the cruelty of the bottom-up environment, small and medium investors always hope to recover their investment as soon as possible. However, the CTP system may not be able to meet such requirements, so the market risk is relatively large. The manufacturers of CTP systems face enormous market competition pressure, and the uncertainty and possible risks that they bring will ultimately be passed on to the end users of the equipment.
The operation of the CTP system has increased employee requirements, and no comprehensive training system has been established in China.
4 Digital printing machines are almost at the same time as CTP technology. This kind of more direct printing method may soon occupy the traditional printing market. In addition, laser imagesetters are still not willing to withdraw from the stage of history as early as possible and are trying to keep their place. The CTP between the two, if there is no absolute technical superiority when the laser imagesetter replaces the electrical extension, and there is no strong support from low cost and high flexibility, the prospects are still not very bright.
III. Waterless Offset Offset Waterless Offset Printing Using the ink-repellent silicone resin coated plate, the coating is removed in the graphic portion so that the silicone resin forms a small cell, and the bottom of the honeycomb is an ink absorbing photopolymer. The graphic part that contains the ink is concave, the same as that of gravure printing. The discriminating of the printing plate material, structure and basic process method all result in the very different process of the offset printing and waterless offset printing. Each process requires different ink properties and printing environment. The balance of ink and water is a problem in printing, and waterless offset printing is demanding to ensure the temperature.
Since the silicone gravure has a recessed honeycomb structure, more ink can be kept on the plate, so the density of the printed ink is higher. Regardless of whether waterless offset printing or plain printing is used, the increase in the density of solid ink will lead to an increase in the dot gain rate. However, due to the difference in the structure of the printing plate, waterless offset printing under the same ink conditions is smaller than that of other methods (ink At the same density, waterless offset has a smaller dot gain than plain printing).
The digital waterless version is divided into two types according to whether a plate in a computer-to-plate (CTP) apparatus is connected to a printing press or a printing press. The process of linking machines often refers to direct printing, and the offline process is the so-called computer-to-water version (CTWP). Many digital waterless versions are in the process of improvement and testing.
1. Advantages of waterless offset printing (1) The waterless offset printing plate can copy from 2% -3% of highlights to 97% -98% of dark spots, and the dot reproduction range is 95%. At present, the number of outlets in the intermediate tone is about 7%-8%. This amount does not change greatly even if the ink thickness increases. Compared with the PS version, the waterless offset printing plate of the level reproduction curve can obtain the copy effect similar to that of the original printing film. Therefore, waterless offset printing is significantly better than water offset printing for controlling dot gain.
(2) Waterless offset printing eliminates the uneven ink quality, ink emulsification stains, water spots, reverse stains, and water roller print quality problems caused by water, making the dots of the product full of ink and bright graphic and bright colors.
(3) Without the water factor, no dampening solution, water roller system and related accessories are required. Adjustment and maintenance of the water system can also be omitted in the mechanical adjustment. Therefore, the preparation time before starting up is shortened, the consumption of paper is saved, and the printing cost is reduced. Due to the reduced erosion of the printing machine parts, especially several rollers, the service life of the machine is also prolonged.
(4) Since there is no special structure of the horizontal printing plate, the printing resistance is improved, and it is generally printed at about 100,000 or even higher. Printing plates need to be kept from time to time without the need for squeegee. Only the used printing plates can be kept clean with gasoline and protected from light, and they are easy to keep. The retention period is much longer than the watermarked version.
(5) In the small-batch printing industry, the compatibility of waterless printing is good, and it can be changed to waterless printing without using a water roller with water printing equipment, and the printing effect is also ideal. Because the waterless printing technology is obviously simpler than printing with water, it is convenient for the operator to master the technology, which is conducive to the stability of the quality of the printed product, the reduction of the labor intensity of the workers, and the reduction of the number of operators on the machine platform.
2, waterless offset printing street to solve the problem (1) Because the paper used for horizontal printing without the use of paper and other printing methods we usually use is not the same song, in the use of non-specific waterless printing machinery, the required ink viscosity is high, The phenomenon of paper pulling and rubbering on the paper cannot be avoided. At this time, the electrostatic phenomenon is also very easy to occur. This requires a relatively strict humidity environment for the printing environment (100 g or less of which is more obvious than offset paper). Generally, the temperature is required. 50%-60%. Its temperature control is more critical. The splitting of the ink results in heat generation, which tends to soften the ink and cause the printing plate to become dirty. The temperature of the external environment during printing should also generally be controlled between 18°C ​​and 22°C.
(2) The quality of waterless offset products depends on the ink to regulate and visualize. Therefore, in addition to the quality factors of the ink, the pressure between the ink supply system, especially the ink roller, is also very important. At the same time, there is a considerable requirement for the pressure between several rollers. The roller pressure is too large to cause the ink bar, It is also easy to cause the layout to be dirty. Too small roller pressure will cause poor ink transmission and reduce the quality of the product. Therefore, the pressure adjustment between the ink roller and the printing roller is strictly performed according to requirements.
(3) At present, non-development countries that rely on imports for non-horizontal edition printing on some raw and auxiliary materials such as plates and inks have relatively high costs, localization of plates has not been resolved, and import price costs are 3-4 times more expensive than inks. The cost is also 30% more expensive.
Fourth, other optional process technology 1, electrophotography Since the 1938 electrophotography was born in the United States, the development speed is not fast, but entered the 1990s, affected by the scientific progress of powder, its development is fast Attention. First applied in copying technology. Therefore, electrophotography is often also referred to as electrostatic method and is a representative technique of a copying machine. It uses the principle of attracting the positive and negative charges of the static electricity to form a charged latent image on the photoreceptor first, and then applying it with the oppositely charged toner to transfer it onto the paper. Its raw materials are vegetal, mineral and organic compounds.
Today, this type of toner has become a pillar supporting sophisticated technology. Scientific experiments have demonstrated that the transfer of ink from toner to ink on neutral paper has a longer shelf life than printing on ink on recording media. In the future, with the advancement of electrophotographic technology, this type of toner powder will be prosperous in the ink field with its advantages of easy manufacturing, pollution-free, and low cost.
Electrophotography and dusting imaging technology can achieve the following four purposes: to conduct a full-color printing; only a small amount of working capital; get high-quality print.
2. The basic principle of the electric pulse imaging method is to apply a short electric pulse (negative charge) to the conductive color liquid ink with a multi-contact, the ink is condensed and separated, and is attached to a positively charged metal roller from the surface. The part that is not touched by the pulse can be scraped off with a rubber squeegee, and the ink condensed on the surface of the metal roller constitutes a picture and then transferred to the paper to complete the printing process.
3. Inkjet ink droplets are sprayed onto paper and other carriers via nozzles to form images. Large-scale, color, high-definition, etc. become its proud technology. The products of EPSON, Hulet, Recard, Roland, DG, Wuten Industry have been introduced by printing companies. Among the inkjet methods, Bubble Jet, developed by Canon itself, is more famous.
4, sublimation thermal transfer This is a kind of thermal transfer printing method, is the use of ink ribbon, the equivalent of the image part of the ribbon vaporized by heat, and then transferred to the media media, which is the most refined Get discounted technology. Instead of printing, it is more suitable for color proofing. Lmation produces rainbow ribbons more famous.
5. The magnetic particle imaging method does not use a photoreceptor, but uses a magnetic material that reacts to magnetism, and relies on an inert recording method to transfer the magnetic toner to the paper. At the DRUPA 2000 show, Xeikon used this method to exhibit a digital printer that outputs variable data in black and white.
V. Guarantees of Green Enterprises: Implementation of the ISO14000 Environmental Management System Now people are aware that environmental issues are big issues that affect people’s lives and are related to the sustainable development of the national economy. They are also related to social stability. Political big issues. Therefore, the voice of environmental protection has been rising all over the world. Protecting the common homeland of mankind has become the consensus of all mankind, and it has become a trend in today's world.
The Earth Summit (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development) was convened in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. Based on this meeting, the ISO 14000 series was established. This high-level summit adopted the “Leo Declaration†on the environment and development. It seeks long-term and unremitting efforts for such issues as human population explosion, global warming, destruction of the ozone layer, reduction of tropical rain forests, desertification, and marine pollution. Environmental improvement has been achieved and consensus has been reached. In June 1993, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) established a large technical organization, the Environmental Management Standardization Technical Committee (TC 207), and began to formulate international standards in the field of environmental management.
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