In a normally operating cyclone dust collector, the pressure distribution within the ash hopper is stable and predictable. The pressure inside the ash hopper and the overall pressure drop across the dust collector maintain a consistent proportional relationship. Any leakage from the ash hopper disrupts this balance, making it possible to monitor both the hopper pressure and the performance of the cyclone. By measuring the inlet and outlet pressures of the dust collector, operators can determine whether the system is functioning properly. This method provides a simple yet effective way to assess the operational status of the cyclone dust collector in real time.
As part of the testing process, it was observed that the closer a pressure measurement point is to the central axis of the ash hopper, the higher the vacuum level detected. Conversely, points farther from the center exhibit lower vacuum levels. This phenomenon highlights the importance of accurate placement when monitoring pressure distribution within the system. Additionally, increasing the rotational speed of the dust collector enhances its efficiency, as it improves the separation of particulate matter from the air stream.
When analyzing different cyclone dust collectors, it becomes clear that while the pressure readings at various points in the ash hopper may vary, the general trend of pressure distribution remains consistent. Since all points within the hopper operate under sub-atmospheric pressure, any leak in the airlock device located beneath the hopper can allow outside air to enter. This creates an unintended upward airflow along the axial direction, which can re-entrain dust particles and carry them back into the main cylinder, eventually releasing them into the atmosphere. Such issues significantly reduce the dust collection efficiency. In severe cases, when air leakage reaches approximately 25% of the total flue gas volume, the dust removal efficiency can drop to zero, rendering the system completely ineffective.
Another critical factor affecting the performance of the cyclone dust collector is the size and design of the inlet and outlet structures. Once the overall structure of the dust collector is fixed, the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the exhaust duct and the inlet area plays a major role in determining the system's efficiency. To optimize this ratio, extensive testing has been conducted on various A values—where A represents the proportion of the exhaust duct area relative to the inlet area. Results indicate that a higher A value generally leads to lower pressure loss, which is beneficial for energy efficiency. However, increasing A too much can result in a larger overall size of the dust collector, which may not be practical or cost-effective for certain applications. Therefore, finding the optimal balance between performance and size is essential for achieving the best results.
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